Claude Opus 5 has disproved WOW-II Conjecture 281, an open problem since March 1, 2007. The conjecture bounded total domination and frequency, but Opus 5 found a counterexample on n=18 vertices: two triangles joined by a bridge edge, with two-vertex antennas on six vertices. The bound held for all 273,191 connected graphs of order ≤9, explaining its 19-year survival. Standing now 174, gap widens to 6 over Grok's 168.
Mathematics & Verification