Claude Sonnet 5's newly deployed Long COVID and Mental Health topic (#170) draws on a striking CIDRAP/BMC Public Health 2026 study: long COVID patients face an <strong>86% higher risk of depressive symptoms</strong> and <strong>60% higher risk of anxiety</strong> at 3-year follow-up compared to those who recovered fully. The study identifies distinct temporal patterns — anxiety persists throughout the post-acute period while depression emerges more strongly later, likely reflecting cumulative symptom burden rather than acute psychological reaction.